Transport

Regulatory Design, Policy, and Advice

Regulatory Design, Policy, and Advice

NERA's economists are experts in the design, implementation, and review of regulatory regimes and have extensive experience across a wide range of countries and industries, including the transport sector. Our studies cover all aspects of economic regulation, from the inception and design of the regulatory framework to the provision of detailed advice to regulated firms and regulatory bodies during the course of price reviews, appeals, and other regulatory processes. NERA has wide-ranging experience in designing markets and advising on access arrangements in cases where previously integrated industries have been broken up or liberalized.

We have addressed a wide range of issues across the transport sector including:

  • Scope and nature of regulation. We provide advice, at an early stage of industry restructuring, on the need for economic regulation, the particular services or products for which regulation is required, and the advantages and disadvantages of different forms of regulation.
  • Design and review of regulatory frameworks. Based on best practice from different industries and countries, NERA experts identify options for the regulatory framework and assess their suitability for the specific circumstances of each industry. Our advice covers general methods of regulation, as well as more detailed issues such as the choice between single till and dual till approaches, or the need for risk-sharing terms in price caps.
  • Regulatory due diligence. We use our extensive industry knowledge and expertise in economic regulation to provide due diligence advice to potential investors in transport sector transactions. We explain how the current regulatory framework operates, highlighting risks arising and protections provided, and can address questions such as how regulators might respond to potential future developments or whether the regulatory framework itself might be subject to change.
  • Advice during price-cap reviews. We have extensive knowledge of and practical experience with price cap regulation, and provide robust and independent advice to firms, regulators, and customers during price-cap reviews. We advise on issues including measuring the regulatory asset base, the cost of capital, efficiency benchmarking, and financial sustainability;
  • Regulatory governance. NERA has a track record of authoritative studies on regulatory governance covering both transport and other regulated industries. These studies address important issues such as the clarity of the regulator’s role and objectives, its effective independence from government, accountability arrangements (including appeals mechanisms), transparency requirements, and the constructive involvement of industry stakeholders.
  • Contract and incentive design. NERA has worked extensively on the design of franchise and concession contracts, advising on issues such as optimal franchise length and efficient allocations of key risks. We also design efficient payment mechanisms that provide franchisees with effective incentives and, where relevant, can be incorporated in the competitive tender process.
  • Analysis of cost structures. Our economists help regulators develop cost-reflective charging structures which encourage the efficient use of facilities while meeting any cost recovery constraints. We design efficient charging systems, taking full account of practical constraints as well as economic principles, and carry out econometric analysis to improve firms’ and regulators' understanding of cost causality.
Name Title Location Phone Email
Richard Druce Managing Director London +44 20 7659 8540 richard.druce@nera.com
Dr. Richard Hern Managing Director London
Berlin
+44 20 7659 8582
+49 30 700 1506 01
richard.hern@nera.com
Dr. Jeff D. Makholm Managing Director Boston +1 617 927 4540 jeff.makholm@nera.com
James Mellsop Managing Director
Chair of NERA's Global Antitrust and Competition Practice
Auckland
Wellington
Sydney
+64 9 928 3290
+64 4 819 2550
+61 2 8864 6536
james.mellsop@nera.com
Daniel Hanson Director London +44 (0)207 659 8812 daniel.hanson@nera.com
Dominik Hübler Associate Director Berlin
London
+49 30 700 150 620
+44 20 7659 8504
dominik.huebler@nera.com
Dr. Lewis Evans Affiliated Academic Wellington +64 4 474 1320 lew.evans@vuw.ac.nz
Title Type Author
La Regulación de la Economía Colaborativa (Regulation of the Sharing Economy) Book By Bruno Soria
Representing International Business Impacts in Transport Appraisal Report By Michael Spackman et al.
The Evaluation of Major Local Authority Transport Projects: a Guide for DfT Report By Michael Spackman with former NERA Consultant Simon Maunder, former NERA Director John Dodgson, MVA, and David Simmonds Consultancy
Economic Instruments for Reducing Ship Emissions in the European Union Report By Dr. David Harrison et al.
Volume 1: Assessment of the European Commission's Third Railway Package: Proposed Dir... Report By Michael Spackman et al.
Volume 3: Assessment of the European Commission's Third Railway Package: Proposed Reg... Report By Michael Spackman et al.
Volume 2: Assessment of the European Commission's Third Railway Package: Proposed Reg... Report By Michael Spackman et al.
Volume 4: Assessment of the European Commission's Third Railway Package: Proposed Dir... Report By Michael Spackman et al.
CfIT's Initial Assessment Report on the 10 Year Transport Plan Report By Michael Spackman et al.
Multi-Criteria Analysis Manual Report By Michael Spackman with John Dodgson, Leeds University Business School Professor Alan Pearman, and London School of Economics Visiting Professor of Operational Research Dr. Lawrence Phillips
Title Date Type
NERA Experts Promoted to Director 14 February 2023 Press Release
NERA Economic Consulting Opens Office in Milan, Italy 19 November 2019 Press Release