On 8 June, Managing Director Dr. Nicola Tosini spoke at the Associazione Antitrust Italiana Biennial Conference on the panel “I Nuovi Cartelli e La Nuova Leniency” (New Cartels and New Leniency Programs). Dr. Tosini discussed the role of economic analysis in the assessment of cartels, concluding that while the role has been limited, new cartels need thorough economic analysis in order to assess the validity of the presumption of competitive harm in light of consumer preferences and the structure of demand.